The accumulator tax

An accumulator pays only when every leg wins. Under independent fair chances, each leg reduces the expected return again. Change the number of legs and the per-leg overround to see that cost.

Default margin: 6.53%, the market-average closing overround. The input is editable.

The market average is the overround of the averaged prices, which is lower than the margin of a typical single bookmaker.

Combined margin (expected stake loss): 46.87%; expected return per 100 staked: 53.13.

LegsCombined marginExpected return per 100
16.13%93.87
211.88%88.12
317.28%82.72
422.35%77.65
527.11%72.89
631.58%68.42
735.77%64.23
839.70%60.30
943.40%56.60
1046.87%53.13
1150.12%49.88
1253.18%46.82
1356.05%43.95
1458.74%41.26
1561.27%38.73

Each leg multiplies the bookmaker's edge; a ten-fold at a 5% margin gives away about 39% of the stake in expectation.

Source: bookmaker_margins, market-average closing triplets; 62,016 priced matches, season start years 2021–2025, computed 2026-09-30 08:58:39 by football:index:bookmaker-margins (BookmakerMarginIndexer).

Five complete seasons per calendar: split-year editions are treated as complete after June 30, calendar-year editions after December 31; only recognised dated seasons and played matches. No opening-price fallback.

Method

For n independent legs with equal per-leg overround m (a fraction), expected return per unit = (1/(1+m))ⁿ. Combined margin here means 1 − (1/(1+m))ⁿ, the expected fraction of stake lost, rather than the accumulator overround (1+m)ⁿ − 1. Returns include the stake; negative margins imply a modelled gain.

What this does not claim: this does not model correlated legs, voids, boosts, taxes or limits; an average margin is not the exact margin on your selections.

Not betting advice